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14:23 28 Apr. 2012
Part II To Strengthen Agriculture and Benefit Farmers, and Speed
up the Development of the Socialist New Countryside
We will promote agricultural modernization while deepening
industrialization and urbanization, improve the long-term
mechanism of industry supporting agriculture and the urban areas
supporting the rural areas, strengthen our support for
agriculture, provide more benefits to farmers, promote
agricultural modernization and improve farmers¨ living
standards, all in a bid to build a better homeland for farmers.
Chapter 5 To Accelerate the Development of Modern Agriculture
We will stick to the path of agricultural modernization with
Chinese characteristics, make safeguarding national food
security our primary goal, speed up transformation of
agricultural development patterns, and enhance the comprehensive
agricultural production capacity, risk resistance capacity and
market competitiveness.
Section 1 To Strengthen Food Security Safeguarding Capacity
We will keep the area planted in grain crops stable, optimize
variety structure, improve per unit production and quality,
carry out extensive activities to achieve high-yield production,
and establish a comprehensive grain production capacity of over
540 million tons. We will implement the plan to increase the
country's grain production capacity by 50 million tons, increase
investment in and benefit compensation to major grain producing
areas, and build core grain-producing areas and major
grain-producing counties in non-core areas into stable
high-yield commercial grain production bases.
We will strictly protect arable land and speed up consolidation
and reclamation of rural land. We will step up field engineering
construction based on water conservancy facilities, transform
mid- to low-yielding fields, and develop arable land that meets
high drought and flood resistance standards on a large scale. We
will enhance capacity-building in food logistics, reserve and
emergency support.
Section 2 To Promote Agricultural Structural Strategic
Adjustment
We will improve the system of modern agriculture, develop
high-yield, high quality, efficient, ecological and safe
agriculture. We will optimize the layout of agricultural
industry, accelerate the establishment of a strategic pattern of
agriculture which is comprised of "seven zones and twenty-three
areas", with the Northeast Plain, Huanghuaihai Plain, Yangtze
River Basin, Fenwei Plain, Hetao Irrigation Area, South China,
Gansu and Xinjiang as the main agricultural production zones,
and the other agricultural areas as important components. We
will encourage and support advantageous areas to focus on the
development of grain, cotton, oilseeds, sugar crops and other
staple agricultural products. We will accelerate the development
of facility agriculture, and promote standardized production of
vegetables, fruits, tea, flowers and other horticultural crops.
We will raise the level of livestock development, and increase
the proportion of animal husbandry output. We will promote
healthy aquatic farming and deep-sea fishing. We will actively
develop the forestry industry. We will promote the industrial
management of agriculture; support the processing and
circulation of agricultural products; and promote specialized,
standardized, scaled and intensive agricultural production and
management. We will promote the development of modern
agriculture demonstration zones.
Section 3 To Speed up Agricultural Technological Innovation
We will boost the process of agricultural technology
integration, mechanization of labor, and information management
of production. We will speed up the innovation and application
of biotechnology breeding in agriculture; develop new biological
variety with important application value and independent
intellectual property rights; and foster a large and strong
modern seed industry. We will strengthen the technology
innovation integration and field application in efficient
plantation, disease prevention and control and agricultural
water conservation; and implement specialized and unified
anti-pests systems for major crops such as rice, wheat and corn.
We will accelerate mechanization of agriculture; promote
agricultural-agronomic integration, and strive for a
tilling-planting-harvesting integrated farming mechanization
level of about 60%. We will develop agricultural information
technology to improve the level of information management in
agricultural production.
Section 4 To Improve Social Service Systems for Agriculture
We will enhance public service capacity-building for
agricultural development; accelerate the improvement in public
service agencies for rural or regional agricultural technology
dissemination, animal & plant disease prevention and control,
and agricultural products quality supervision. We will foster a
wide range of agricultural social service organizations, and
encourage specialized cooperative organizations of farmers,
supply and marketing cooperatives, farmers¨ agents, and leading
enterprises to provide various forms of production and
management services. We will actively support the development of
distribution services for agricultural products, and accelerate
the establishment of agricultural products marketing networks
with low-distribution costs and high operating efficiency.
Article 6 To Expand Income Channels for Farmers
We will strengthen our guidance and support for farmers to
enhance their vocational skills and income-earning capacities.
We will expand income channels for farmers by all means, in a
bid to keep sustained and rapid income growth for farmers.
Section 1To Steadily Increase Incomes from Household Business
Operations
We will establish a sound price protection system for
agricultural products; steadily improve the minimum purchase
prices for key grain varieties; and improve temporary purchasing
and storage policy for bulk agricultural products. We will
encourage farmers to optimize the planting structure, raise
production management level and improve economic performance. We
will ensure a reasonable share of revenue for farmers in the
agricultural product processing and distribution through the
development of agricultural industrialization and new rural
cooperative organizations. We will develop feature and
high-efficiency agriculture based on specific local conditions;
and tap on agricultural landscape resources to develop
sightseeing, leisure, tourism and other rural service sectors,
so as to ensure farmers get more income in the expansion of
agricultural functions.
Section 2 To Strive to Increase Wage Incomes
We will strengthen skills training and employment information
services for farmers; establish labor export platforms; and
guide the rural surplus labor to seek employment in other areas
in a smooth and orderly manner. We will advocate equal
employment opportunities for both urban workers and rural
farmers; promote equal pay for equal employment between migrant
workers and urban residents; and increase wage levels of migrant
workers. We will add non-agricultural jobs in county regions;
encourage farmers to find nonagricultural employment in their
hometowns or nearby areas; and support farmers to start their
own businesses to create new jobs. We will build on the
development of new countryside, expand the scale of the ＾work
for pay￣ scheme, and increase labor income of farmers.
Section 3 To Effectively Increase Transfer Income
We will improve the agricultural subsidy system, continue to
provide direct subsidies to grain-growing farmers, further
implement subsidies for the purchase of high-quality seeds and
farming machinery, and improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism
of comprehensive agricultural subsidies. We will increase the
basic pension of the new rural social pension insurance scheme;
raise the standards of medical assistance and reimbursement in
new rural cooperative medicinal institutions; and raise the
level of rural minimum living standards. We will actively
develop policy-supported agricultural insurance, increase the
agricultural categories eligible for insurance subsidies, and
expand the coverage of agricultural insurance. We will increase
investment in poverty reduction, and gradually increase the
poverty line.
Chapter 7 To Improve Rural Production and Living Conditions
We will follow the requirement of integrated economic and social
development in both urban and rural areas, improve the
development planning of socialist new countryside; strengthen
rural infrastructure and public services; and facilitate
comprehensive improvement in rural environment.
Section 1 To Raise the Management Level in Village and Township
Planning
We will adapt to the new situation of the rural population
migration and take into consideration the local conditions,
respect the will of villagers, highlight the regional and rural
characteristics, protect the original regional cultural
features, and formulate township and village planning in a
scientific manner. We will guide rational development of rural
residence and communities, provide farmers with free residential
design drawings that are economical, safe, affordable and can
save the use of land, energy and materials. We will make
rational spatial layout arrangements for the development of
counties, towns and villages, farmland protection, industry
clusters, village distribution, and ecological conservation; and
integrate the development of rural production and living
infrastructure, service facilities and the public welfare
programs.
Section 2 To Strengthen Rural Infrastructure Construction
We will strengthen overall water conservancy construction;
improve the construction, maintenance and management mechanism;
speed up the upgrade of medium-sized irrigation zones and
irrigation and drainage pumping stations; establish new
irrigation zones in regions with abundant water and soil
resources at an appropriate time; improve construction of water
sources to wade off droughts; promote small-scale irrigation and
water conservancy construction in farmlands of key counties; and
improve the small- and micro-irrigation facilities in rural
areas. We will strengthen the development of safe rural drinking
water facilities, and vigorously promote centralized water
supply in rural areas.
We will continue to promote rural road construction; further
improve the traffic conditions and management and maintenance of
the roads; and step up the efforts to upgrade roads and
dangerous bridges. We will strengthen the rural energy
development; continue to build county-level electrical and gas
facilities in new countryside; strengthen the ＾small hydropower
for fossil fuel power￣ project; launch a new round of rural
power grid upgrading and renovation; develop methane, crop
residues, forestry waste utilization and other types of bio-mass
resources; tap on wind and solar power; and strengthen the
renovation of stoves and heat-able brick beds to make them more
economical in firewood and coal. We will roll out comprehensive
renovation and upgrading projects for dilapidated rural
buildings, state-owned forest (field), shanty towns and
dilapidated houses in the reclamation area; and implementing
housing projects for the nomadic and shepherds population. We
will strengthen the rural postal facilities and push forward the
development of the rural information infrastructure.
Section 3 To Strengthen Rural Public Services
We will expand the scope of public finance coverage for rural
areas, and step up financial support for rural public services.
We will improve the quality and balanced development of rural
compulsory education; promote the process of providing free
secondary vocational education in rural areas; and actively
develop pre-school education in the countryside. We will
establish and improve the rural health service network to make
safe, affordable and accessible basic medical services available
to farmers. We will improve the rural social security networks
and gradually raise the security standards. We will strengthen
the development of rural public cultural and sports facilities
to enrich the cultural life of farmers.
Section 4 To Promote Comprehensive Clean-up of Rural Environment
We will manage and clean up pesticides, fertilizers and plastic
sheeting and other non-point source pollution; and
comprehensively promote the prevention and control of pollution
by livestock and poultry breeding. We will strengthen the
protection of drinking water sources in rural areas; and step up
our efforts in comprehensive treatment of rural river channels
and water pollution. We will strengthen the surveillance,
prevention, treatment and management of soil pollution. We will
implement rural sanitation projects; expedite the implementation
of concentrated waste treatment in rural areas; and carry out
comprehensive and integrated clean-up processes in rural areas.
We will strictly forbid urban and industrial pollution spreading
to the countryside.
Chapter 8 To Improve Rural Development Institutional Mechanisms
We will based on the requirement of consolidated urban and rural
development, accelerate the reform of institutional mechanisms
for rural development, and enhance the vitality of agriculture
and rural development.
Section 1 To Uphold and Improve Basic Rural Operating System
We will uphold the two-tier operation system based on the
household contract system and integrating unified with separate
management. We will improve the rural land laws, regulations and
policies, and maintain the stability of the current rural land
contract relations for a long term. We will properly handle of
work of the rural land ownership identification, registration
and certification; improve the land contract and management
arrangement; and protection farmers¨ legal rights in terms of
the possession, use, benefits and other rights of the contracted
the land. We will improve the market for transferring of
management rights of contracted land based on voluntary consent,
compensation and better services; and develop various operation
forms of appropriate scales. We will deepen the comprehensive
rural reform; promote the forest rights and forest tenure reform
of the state-owned and collectively-owned forests; improve the
grassland contracting system; and accelerate the agricultural
reclamation reform.
Section 2 To Establish and Improve the Integrated Urban and
Rural Development System
We will speed up the elimination of institutional obstacles that
has restrained coordinated development of urban and rural areas;
promote balanced allocation of public resources and free flow of
factors of production between rural and urban areas. We will
integrate urban and rural development planning to promote
integration of urban and rural infrastructure, public services
and social management. We will improve the equal exchange of
factors between urban and rural areas; and ensure the proceeds
from land appropriation and rural deposits are mainly used for
agriculture and rural areas. We will strictly regulate rural
land acquisition for urban development; adjust and optimize the
structure and layout of urban and rural land properties; and
gradually establish a unified land development market for rural
areas and cities. We will strictly define and differentiate land
development for public-use and commercial-use; reform land
acquisition system; reduce the scale of land acquisition; and
increase land compensation standards. We will improve the
transfer mechanism for rural collectively-owned construction
land and the management system for rural housing land.
We will accelerate the establishment of a unified labor market
in urban and rural areas; and establish an equal employment
system for rural and urban workers. We will direct more national
fiscal expending and budgetary fixed asset investment to
agriculture and rural areas. We will deepen the reform of rural
credit cooperatives; encourage qualified regions to establish
county-level community banks; promote the development of rural
financial institutions and micro-credit; and expand the range of
accepted collateral in rural areas. We will conscientiously sum
up the cross-sector reform experience in integrated urban and
rural development, and actively explore solutions to support the
development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.
Section 3 To Strengthen Growth Vitality for the County Economy
We will expand the development autonomy for counties, and
steadily roll out the piloting reform of supporting county
development through expanded autonomy. We will establish and
improve the basic financial system to ensure adequate financial
resources for county authorities; increase general transfer
payments to counties; and gradually increase provincial
distribution of financial resources to counties. We will follow
relevant law to grant small towns with rapid growth and strong
ability to absorb population the administrative authority such
as investment approvals, business supervision and public
security. We will give play to the resources advantages and
comparative advantages of counties; design scientific planning
for industrial development; support labor-intensive industries
and agro-processing industries to cluster around counties and
central villages; and promote an industrial development pattern
with rational urban-rural division of labor.
Priority Projects in New Countryside Development
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